Information about Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH)

• Holy Prophet was born in 571 A.D 22nd April.

• Father’s name, Hazat Abdullah.

• Mother’ Name, Hazrat Amna.

• Maternal Grand Father’s name Wahib bins Abdul Munnaf.

• Maternal Grandmother, Batarah.

• Real name of Abdu Mutalib was Shaba.

• Grandmother name, Fatima.

• 10 is the number of Uncles and 6 aunts.

• Prophet journeyed to Syria with Abu Talib at 12 years.

• At 25 Prophet married to Hazrat Khadija.

• Hazrat Khadija accepted Islam first in Women and in all.

• Hazrat Abu Bakar accepted first in Men.

• Hazrat Ali accepted first in Children.

• Varqa Bin Naufal verified Prophet for the first time.

• Holy prophet had 4 daughters and 3 sons.

• At age of 40 holy Prophet received first Wahy.

• Hazrat Zubaida (RA) was the second wife of Holy Prophet.

• In 622 A.D Holy Prophet migrated to madina.

• Hazrat Haleema was the foster mother of Holy Prophet.

• Besides Hazrat Haleema (RA) Holy Prophet (PBUH) said that Umme-e-Aemon is also my mother.

• Name the foster mother(s) of the Holy Prophet (SAW) Hazrat Halema (RA), Hazrat Sobia (RA) and Hazrat Khola (RA)

• How many years after the birth of Holy Prophet (SAW), Hazrat Aamina died? Six years

• Sheema was the foster sister of Holy Prophet.

• Abduallh Bin Abu Sheema was the foster brother of Prophet.

• Hazrat Haleema looked after the holy prophet for 4 years.

• 35 was the age at the time of Hajr-i-Aswad incident.

• Hazrat Bilal Habshi was the first slave to accept Islam.

• Wife of Abu Lahab used to spread throne in the way of prophet in 4th year of prophethood.

• Home of Hazrat Arqam (RA) used as the centre of secret preaching by the holy prophet.

• In 7th Nabvi boycott of Banu Hashim began.

• Hazrat Adam met with Holy Prophet on the first heaven.

• Hazrat Isa and Hazrat Yahya on 2nd.

• Hazrat Yaqub on 3rd.

• Hazrat Idrees on 4th.

• Hazrat Harron on 5th.

• Hazrat Musa on 6th.

• Hazrat Ibraheem on 7th.

• Al-Kaswa is the name of Camel on which prophet traveled.

• Prophet purchased mosque land at medina from two orphans.

• 45 Companions were with Prophet in migration to madina.

• Charter of Madina was issued on 1 A.H it had 53 Articles.

• Transfer of Qibla was ordered in 2nd A.H.

• 27 total no of Ghazwas.

• First Ghazwah of Islam was Widan, fought in 12th month of First Hijrah.

• Jang Badr occurred in 2 A.H. 313 Muslims fought in battle.

• Types of Hadith are 10.

• Imam Zuhri (RA) became the first to consolidate Ahadith.

• No of Hadith Collected by Abu Huraira (RA) 5374.

• Prophet hazrat Noah (AS) known as Shaikh al Anbiya

• Aby Ubaiduh Bin Jiirrah was entitled Ameen-ul Ummat.

• Hazrat Umar proposed Azan for the first time.

• The dome over the sacred Grave of the holy prophet is known as Dunbade-Khizra.

• Baitul Mamur is a place where seventy thousand angles were circumambulation during the Holy Ascension.

• Baitul Mamoor is on 7th Heaven.

• 4 kings accepted Islam when holy prophet sent them letters.

• Mosque of Zarar was demolished by prophet.

• Ume Salma was present at the time of the battle of Khyber.

• Hazrat Ali Conquered the fort of Qamus.

• Lady named Zainab tried to poison the Holy Prophet.

• Prophet recited surah Al-Fatha at the conquest of Makkah .

• Hashim was grand father of prophet & brother of Muttalib.

• The name Muhamammad was proposed by Abdul Muttalib while the name Ahmed was proposed by Bibi Aminah.

• Migration from Mecca to Abyssinia took place in the 7th month of the 5th year of the mission i.e 615 A.d. The total number of migrated people was 15

• Second migration to Habshah took place in 616 A.D.

• Second migration to Abyssinia 101 people with 18 females.

• After Amina’s death, Ummay Aimen looked after Prophet.

• After Harb-e-Fajjar, Prophet took part in Halaf-ul-Fazul.

• Prophet made second business trip to Syria in 24th year of elephant.

• Friend of Khadija Nafeesa carried message of Nikah.

• Surname of Haleema Sadia was Ummay Kabtah.

• Surname of Prophet was Abu-ul-Qasim.

• Da’ia of the Prophet was Shifa who was mother of Abdul Rehman bin Auf.

• Abdul Mutalib died in 579 A.D.

• Masaira a slave of Khadija accompanied Prophet to Syria.

• Foster mothers of Prophet were Haleema, Sobia & Khola.

• First forster mother was Sobia who was mother of Hamza.

• For six years Haleema took care of Prophet.

• For two years Abdul Mutalib took care of Prophet.

• Prophet had two real paternal uncles i.e Zubair & Abu Talib.

• Zubair died before Prophethood.

• After 7 days the Aqeeqa ceremony of Prophet was held.

• Prophet belonged to Banu Hashim clan of Quraish tribe.

• Among uncles Abbas & Hamza embraced Islam.

• Amina was buried at Abwa b/w Makkah & Madina.

• Six months before the Prophet’s birth his father died.

• Prophet had no brother and no sister.

• Abdullah died at Madina.

• Prophet had six aunties.

• Foster father of Prophet was Haris.

• At the age of 15, Herb-e-Fajjar took place.

• Herb-e-Fajjar means war fought in the probihited months.

• First father-in-law of Prophet was Khawalid.

• Aamina belonged to Bani Zohra tribe.

• Umar accepted Islam in 616 A.d.

• Social boycott of Banu Hashim took place in 7th Nabvi.

• Shi’b means valley.

• Social boycott continued for 3 years.

• A group of Madina met Prophet in 11th Nabvi.

• Uqba is located near Makkah.

• The group of Madinites belonged to Khazraj tribe.

• Accord of Uqba took place in 13th Nabvi.

• On 27th Rajab, 10 Nabvi the event of Miraj took place.

• 10th Nabvi was called Aam-ul-Hazan (year of grief).

• Name of the camel on which Prophet was riding in migration was Qaswa.

• Omaar bin Hisham was the original name of Abu Jehl.

• Abu-al-Hikm is the title of Abu Jehl.

• When did Hazrat Hamza (RA) embrace Islam Fifth Nabavi

• Persons included in Bait-e-Uqba Oola 12 and in Bait-e-Uqba Sani 75.

• Cave of Hira is 3 miles from Makkah.

• Hijra took place in 13th Nabvi.

• Second convent of Al-Aqba arrived at Makkah in 12th Nabvi.

• Medina is 448 Km from Makkah. (250 miles)

• Makkah conquest occurred in 8th year of Hijra.

• Prophet performed Hajj in 10th Hija.

• Prophet was buried in the hujra of Ayesha.

• Prophet was born in 1st Year of Elephant.

• Ambassadors sent to Arab& other countries in 7th Hijra.

• King of Iran tore away the message of Prophet.

• King of Byzantine in 7th Hijra was Hercules.

• After 6 years of the birth of Holy prophet Bibi Aamna died.

• After 8 years of the birth of Prophet Abdul Muttalib died.

• 632 A.D Charter of Madina.

• Holy Prophet demised at the age of 63.

• Hijrah year began with 14th Nabvi.

• 10th year of prophet hood is known as year of grief.

• First Azan was called out in 1. A.H.

• Bahira Syrian Christian saint recognized prophet as last prophet.

• Harb-i-Fajjar was a war fought b/w Quraish and Bani Hawazin Prophet was of 15 years and participated in it.

• Prophet visited Taif in 10th Nabvi.

• Tribe of Taif was Saqaif.

• Prophet with Zaid bin Haris, went Taif & stayed for 10 days.

• Bibi Amna suckled Prophet for 3 days.

• After 18 month at Madina of change of Qibla occurred.

• Old name of Zu Qiblatain is Banu Saleem.

• Prophet prayed 2 years in cave Hira before first revelation.

• The name of Ibadat done by Prophet in Hira was Tahanas.

• Cave of Hira is in Jabal-e-Noor Mountain.

• At Masjid-e-Hanif (Madina) almost 70 prophets are buried.

• Masjid-e-Hanif (Mina) chk

• Month of migration was Rabiul Awal

• Qibla changed in 2nd Hijra.

• Qiblah now-a-days is called Khana-e-Kaba.

• Prophet addressed Khutba-e-Jum’aa for first time in 1st Hijra

• Azan for prayer was adopted in 1st Hijra.

• Inhabitants of Taaif accepted Islam in 9th Hijrah.

• Year of Deputation is 9th Hijrah.

• Moawakhat (the brotherhood ) took place in 2nd Hijra.

• Jehad was allowed in 2nd Hijrah.

• Ashaab-e-Sufah: Muhajirs who stayed near Masjid-e-Nabvi.

• Hurrirah means a cat.

• Bait-e-Rizwan took place in 6th Hijrah.

• Jewish tribe of Banu Nuzair expelled from Madina in 4th H.

• Bait-e-Rizwan is also known as Bait-e-Shajra made under Keekar tree.

• Companions of Prophet at Hudabiya were 1400.

• Prophet stayed at Makkah for 15 days after its conquest.

• 1 Lac companions accompanied Prophet at last Hajj.

• Prophet spent his last days in Ayesha’s house.

• Cave of Soar is located near Makkah 5 miles.

• Quba is 3 miles away from Madina.

• In sixth year of Hijrah, Prophet intended for Umrah.

• Aam-ul-Wufood is 9th A.H..

• Prophet stayed in Ayyub Ansari’s house for 7 months.

• Prophet performed Umrah in 7th A.H.

• Hazrat Haleema looked after the Holy Prophet for 3 years.

• Zaid Bin Haris (R.A) was the adopted son of the Holy Prophet.

• Kuniyaat of the Holy Prophet was Abul Qasim.

• Holy prophet made first trade journey at the age of 9.

• Nafeesa carried Khadija’s message of marriage to Prophet.

• Year 570 known as year of Elephant or Amal Fil.

• Hazrat Khadija and Hazrat Abu Talib died in 619.

• First place from where Prophet openly started his preaching Jabl Faran or Mount Safa.

• Prophet did covert messaging at House of Arkam upto 3 Nabvi. (i.e for 3 years)

• Prophet preached openly in 4th Nabvi.

• Prophet narrated the event of Miraj first of all to Umm-e-Hani (real sister of Ali)

• Prophet was staying at the house of Umme-e-Hani on the night of Miraj.

• In miraj Prophet traveled from Baitul Muqadas to Sidratul Mantaha.

• During Hijrat Saraqa bin Sajjal spied.

• In Miraj Jibrael called Aazan in Baitul Muqadas.

• Prophet led all the prophets in a prayer in miraj at al-Aqsa

• Fatima died after 6 Months (age=31,11 A.H) Prophet.

• Youngest daughter Fatima.

• Islamic official seal started on 1st Muharram, 7 A.H

• Seal of Prophet was made of Silver.

• What was written on the Holy Prophet (SAW) seal?

Allah Rasool Muhammad

• Prophet performed 1(in10 A.H) Hajj and 4(in7 A.H) umras.

• Change of Qibla occurred on 15 Shaban,2 A.H(Monday)(during Zuhr)

• Construction of Masjid-e-Nabvi started Rabiulawal, 1 A.H.

• Namaz-e-Juma became Farz in Medina.

• First man to embrace Islam on the eve of Fatah-e-Makka was Abu Sufyan.

• Second woman to embrace Islam Lababa bint Haris (chk Ummay Aiman) (chk Nafeesa)

• First to migrate to Madina (first muhajir) Abu Salam.

• Last to migrate to Madina was Abbas.

• First non-arab to embrace Islam Farwah bin Umro

• Facsimile of the Prophet Mus’ab bin Umair.

• Kalsoom bin al_Hadam gave land for Quba mosque

• The title of ammenul ummat is of Abu Ubaidah bin Jarrah.(conqurer of Damascus)

• Prophet offered congregational prayer in Kaaba in 6th Nabvi.

• The day when Prophet delivered his last Khutab was Juma.

• Idols in Kaba before Islam numbered 360.

• The largest idol named Habal.

• Prophet preached Islam openly in 4th Nabvi.

• Year of deputation was 9th.

• Bilal called first aazan of Fajr prayer.

• The Hadith, which is transmitted with continuity and enjoys such abundance of narrators that their statement becomes authentic, is called Matwatar.

• The grave of the Prophet was prepared by Hazrat Abu Talha

• Qasim was first of the Holy Prophet's children to be born.

• The first Namaz-e-Janazah performed by Rasoolullah was that of Asad bin Zaraara (radi Allahu anhu).

• The first Namaaz to be made Fardh was Tahajjud Namaaz, which was later made Nafil.

• At Masjid-e-Nabvi first Muslim University was established.

• Holy prophet labored in the formation of Masjid-e-Quba.

• Masjid-e-Zara was built by Hyporcrites at Madina.

• Nabvi Mosque constructed in 1 A.H Rabi-ul Awwal.

• 25 Doors are in Masjid –e-Haram, the most important door of Kaaba is Babul Salam.

• Qibla change order came in Mosque Zul Qiblatain

• The flag colour of the Holy Prophet was white and yellow at the time of conquest of Makkah.

• Friday is known as Sayeed Ul Ayam.

• Shab-e-Barat is celebrated on the 15th night of Shuban.

• 26th night of Rajab is the night of Accession.

• In 256 Imam Bukhari died.

• 6 Lac Ahadith collected by Imam Bukhari.

• The camel driver of Prophet at the fall of Mecca was Usama bin Zaid bin Haris.

• Prophet issued order of killing Abdul Uza bin Khatal at the fall of Mecca.

• At Koh-e-Safa, Prophet addressed after conquest of Makkah.
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Hajj MCQs

• Hajj means to intend.

• Hajj made compulsory in 9 A.H.

• First Hajj offered in 9 A.H.

• Hajj ordained in Surah Bakr.

• The holy prophet performed only 1 Hajj in 10th A.H.

• There are 3 types of Hajj.

• One tawaf of Kaaba is known as Shoot.

• Tawaf begins from Shoot.

• Number of Jamarat is 3.

• Mosque located in Mina is Kheef.

• At Meekat, Hujjaj assume the state of Ihram.

• Kalima Tauheed is recited during Hajj.

• At Mina the ritual of offering sacrifice is performed

• Jamart-throwing of pebbles, it is performed on 10th, 11th, 12th and 13th of Zul Hajj.

• Maghrib and Isha both prayers are offered together at Muzdalifa on 9th Zil Hajj.

• Yome-Afra is called to Hajj day.

• Name of the place where the pilgrims go from Arafat: Muzdalfa.

• First structure of Kaaba was built by Adam.

• Ibrahim & Ismail rebuilt Kaaba 4500 years ago.

• Yum-e-Nahar is called to the Day of Sacrifice.

• Yum e Arafat is 9th Zul Hajj.

• One khutba is recited during Hajj.

• Al-Imarn is the surah in which Hajj is commanded.

• Holy prophet sacrificed 63 camels during hajj.

• Adam and Hazrat Hawa performed the first ever Hajj.

• Running b/w Safa & Marwa seven times is called Sayee.

• Most important step of Hajj after assuming Ahram is Wuquf.

• Waqoof-e-Arfah is the Rukn-e-Azam of Hajj

• With the performance of Rami on the 10th Zil-Hajj, the most of the bindings of Hajj on the pilgrim are released.

• Three upright stones are called Jamarat.

• After Waquf the most important step is Tawaf.

• In Hajj there are three obligations (Farz).

• Umrah can be performed at any time throughout the year except 9th to 11th Zil-Hajj.

• Hujjaj stat at Mina for one day, the second day at Arafat and the final day, encampment is done for a night at Muzdalfah, it is called Wuquf.

• Who said that Hajj is greatest of all worships:Imam Malik.

• How many undesirable acts of Ihraam are there: six.

• How many permitted acts of Ihraam are there:Four.

• Prohibitions and restructions of Ihram are 8.

• The first and the foremost Farz of Hajj and Umrah is Ihram.

• The first and inner most circle around Ka’ba is Masjid-e-Haram.

• The second circle around Kaba is Makkah Mukaramah.

• The third circle around Kaba is Haram.

• Who firsly fixed boundaries of Haram, the third circle around Kaaba: Adam.

• The fourth cirle around Kaba is Mowaqeet.

• The place where no one can advance without putting on Ihram is Mowaqeet.

• Two thousand years before the creation of Adam, Kaba was constructed.

• Angels built Kaba firstly in the universe.

• During the Noah’s time Kaaba disappeared due to flood.

• The gate which is the best for the pilgrims to enter in Kaba is Bab-e-Salam.

• Hajr-e-Aswad means black stone.

• Actual color of Hajr-e-Aswad was white.

• The small piece of land b/wk Rukn-e-Islam and Rukn-e-Yamani is called Hateem.

• The place where offering prayer is just like offering prayer inside Kaba is Hateem.

• There are five types of Tawaf.

• Hajji go to Al-Multazim after completing the seven rounds.

• Al-Multazim means the place of holding.

• The portion of the wall of Kaba which is b/w its door and Hajr-e-Aswad is called al-Multazim.

• Sayee is commenced from Safa and ends at Marwa.

• After performing Say’ee Hujjaj go to Mina.

• Muzdalfa is a plain.

• Muzdalfa is located b/w Mina & Arafat.

• Muzdalfa is located six miles from Makkah.

• From Mina Muzdalfa is three miles away.

• Muzdalfa is called Sacred Monument in Quran.

• At Muzdalfa Maghrib & Isha prayers are offered together.

• Pebbles are collected from Muzdalfa.

• Jamarat which is nearest to Makkah is called Jamarat-ul-Uqba.

• Smallest Jamarat is Jamarat-al-Sughra.

• Rami is held at Mina.

• Talbiah is stopped after Rami.

• Afrad, Qar’ran and Tamatae are the types of Hajj.

• Dhulhulaifah is the Meeqat for the people of Pakistan.

• Dhulhulaifah is a point six mile from Madina.
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Ghazwat and Battles of Islam

• First Ghazwa is Widdan or Abwa in 1 A.H

• 624 Battle of Badr.2hij

• 625 Battle of Uhad. 3hij

• 626 Battle of Rajih.4hij

• 627 Battle of Khandaq (Ahzab).5hij

• 628, Treaty of Hudaibiya, Hazrat Khalid bin Walid Accepted Islam, Conquest of Khyber.6hij

• 629, Battle of Mutah, Preaching of Islam to various kings.7hij

• 630, Battle of Hunain, Conquest of Makkah.8hij

• 631, Battle of Tabuk. 9hij

• 632, Hajjat-ul-Wida.10hij

• 680, Tragedy of Karballah.61hij

• Badr is a village.

• Battle of Bard was fought on 17th Ramzan.

• Battle of Uhd was fought on 5th Shawal.

• Battle Badar Ghazwa is named as Furqan.

• Uhd is a hill.

• Yom-ul Furaqn is called to Yom ul Badar.

• Fath Mobeen is called to Sulah Hudaibiah.

• Number of soldiers in Badar, Muslim 313 Kufar 1000

• After Badr conquest, Prophet stayed for 3 days there.

• Badr was fought for 3 times.

• Martyr of Badr Muslims 14 Kufar 70

• Leader of the Kufar in this battle was Abu Jahl.

• Number of Muslim martyrs in the battle of Uhad 70

• In Uhad quraish were laid by Abu Sufwan.

• In Uhad number of Muslim soldiers 1000 kufar 3000.

• Ahzab means Allies.

• Ditch dug on border of Syria with help of 3000 companions in 2 weeks.

• Muslim strength 1600.

• Khyber was captured in 20 days.

• During Ghazwa Bani Nuzair wine was prohibited.

• The battle of Khandaq is also known an battle of Ahzab.

• Conquest of Makkah was took place on 20 Ramzan.

• Battle in which prophet not participated is known as Saria.

• Hazrat Hamza was the first commander of Islamic Army.

• In Uhd battle Muslim women participated firstly.

• Battle of Mauta was the first non Arab War.

• 3000 was the number of musims at the battle of Ditch.

• 10,000 at the conquest of Makkah.

• 30,000 at the time of Tabuk.

• Last Ghazwa- Tabuk.

• For 20 days Prophet stayed at Tabuk.

• Total number of Sarias is 53 or 56.

• Porphet was the commander in the expedition of Tabuk.

• First Islamic Non Arab was battle of Mautta 8. A.H..

• The person killed by the Holy Prophet was Ubay Bin Kalf.

• In Battle of Uhad, the teeth of Holy Prophet were martyred.

• Khalid bin Walid was titled Saif-ul-Allah in battle Moata.

• Abu Jahal was killed in Battle of Badr by Maaz (add)

• In Hudabiya Sohail bin Amru represented Quraysh.

• Battle of Hunain fought b/w Muslims and Hawazin Tribe.

• Batttle of Tabuk was against the Roman Emperor Heraclius.

• The first Shaheed (Martyr) was Amaar bin Yaasir

• First female martyr: Summaya (mother of Amaar bin Yaasir)

• The first person to be martyred in the Battle of Badr was the freed slave of Hazrat Umar : Muhaj’jah

• Khalid bin Walid was removed from the service in the reign of Hazrat Umar Farooq (RA). He was removed in 17 A.H.

• Battle of chains was fought b/w Persians and the Muslims.

• Umar bin Abdual Aziz is considered as the 5th Khalifa.

• Abdul Malik was the poet ruler of Ummaya.

• Karballa took place on 10th Muharram 61 A.H/ 680 A.D

• Salahuddin Ayubi was of Abbasid dynasty.

• Halaku Khan came to power after Abbasids.

• Al Qanun was written by Ibn-i-Sina.

• Ibn Khuldun is called founder of sociology.

• Tahafut-al-Falasifah was written by Al-Khazali.

• Halaku Khan sacked Baghdad in 1258 A.D.

• Al Shifa a book on philosophy was written by Ibn Sina.

• prophet stayed at Makkah for 53 years & in Medina 10 years

• Mubha: an act which brings neither blessings nor punishment.

• Naval Commander of Islam, Abu Qays under Hazrat Usman

• Battle of Camel was fought b/w Ali and Hazrat Aysha.

• Hazrat Khalid bin Walid accepted Islam in 8th A.H.

• Hazrat Ali established Bait-ul-Maal.

• During the caliphate of Umar (RA) Iran was conquered.

• Abu Hurairah has reported largest number of Ahadith.

• Masjid Al Aqsa is the first Mosque ever built on the earth.

• Sindh was conquered during the reign of Walid 1.

• Kharajit is the earliest sect of Islam.

• Battle of Yermuk was fought in 634 A.D.:

• Khyber conquest made in 7th Hijra (628 A.D)

• The Ghazwa in which the Holy Prophet Pbuh missed four prayers was Ghazwa Khandaq.

• First woman martyr Samiya by Abu Jahl.

• First man martyr Haris bin Abi Hala.

• Jihad means to strive hard.

• Jihad made obligatory in 2nd A.H.

• The battle was forbidden in Arabs in the month of Muharam.

• Ghazwa Badr is named as Furqan.

• Ohad is located near Madina.

• Ohad is 3 miles from Madina.

• Abdullah bin Ubai accompanied with 300 men.

• 50 archers were posted to protect the pass in Ohad mountain.

• Ummay Hakeem was grand daughter of Abu Jehl.

• Banu Nuzair tribe settled in Khyber after expelled from Madina.

• Prophet dug a trench along the border of Syria.

• 3000 men dug the ditch.

• In battle of Ahzab a piercing blast of cold wind blew.

• Khyber is located near Madina at 200 km distance.

• The centre of Jewish population in Arabia was Khyber.

• Against Khyber muslim army was 1600 men strong.

• Khyber was captured in 20 days.

• Khyber is located near the border of Syria.

• Moata was situated in Syria.

• Army of 3000 men was sent to Moata under Zaid bin Haris.

• After the death of Zaid bin Haris Hazrat Jaafiar was made the army leader at Moata.

• Under Khalid’s leadership, battle of Moata was won.

• Battle of Moata took place in 8 Hijra.

• Tribe of Khuza joined Muslims after Treaty of Hudaibia.

• Battle of Hunain fought in 8 Hijra.

• Muslim army for Hunain was 14 thousand.

• Siege of Taif was laid in 9 A.H.

• Tabook expedition took place in 9 A.H.

• In 9 A.H there was famine in Hijaz.

• In 9 A.H there was scarcity of water in Madina.

• In Quran Tabook expedition is called expedition of straitness.

• Conquest of Makkah is called Aam-ul-Fatah.

• Ghazwa-e-Tabook was fought in 9 A.H.

• Hazrat Abbas was made prisoner of war in Badr.

• Abu Jehl was killed by Ma-ooz and Ma-aaz.

• The leader of teer-andaz at Jabale-e-Yahnene in the battle of Ohad was Abdullah bin Jabeer.

• Comander of infidels in Ohad was Abu Sufyan.

• Battle of Tabook came to an end without any result.

• 2 weeks were spent to dig the ditch.

• In a battle of Trench Hazrat Safia killed a jew.

• Qamoos temple was conquered by Ali during Khyber war.

• For battle of Tabook, Abu Bakr donated all his belongings.

• In the battle of Ditch, the wrestler named Umaro bin Abad-e-Wad was killed by Ali.

• In Hunain Muslims were in majority than to their enemy:

• Hazrat Jaafar was martyred in Moata war.

• In Tabook ghazwa muslims returned without a fight.

• Gazwa Widdan was fought in the month of Zil-Hajj 1 A.H.

• In Hunain battle Prophet was left alone.

• The participants of Battle of Badar were bestowed with highest reward by Allah.

• In Badr martyrs were Muhajirs=6 & Ansars=8.

• In the battle of Taaif, catapult was used first time by Muslims.

• Against the Syrian tribe the battle of Al-Ghaba was waged.

• First Sariya Ubaidah bin Haris was fought at Rabakh in 1 A.H.

• Last Sariya Hazrat Saad bin Abi Waqqas was fought at Syria in 11 A.H.
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Fasting MCQs

• Fast means to stop.

• Fasting made obligatory in 2nd A.H.

• Fasting is commanded in al-Bakarah.

• Feed 60 people is the atonement for breaking the fast or sixty sontinuous fasts..

• Bab-ul-Riayn is the door for fast observing people.

• Tarrawih means to rest.

• Battle of Badr was fought in very first of Ramzan on 17th.

• Umar arranged the Namaz-e-Tarrawih.

• Month of Ramzan is known as Sayeed us Shahoor.

• Five days are forbidden for fasting throughout the year.

• Wajib means ordained.

• 1st Ashra of Ramzan=Ashra-e-Rehmat.

• 2nd Ashra=Ashra-e-Maghfirat.

• 3rd Ashra=Ashra-e-Nijat.
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Detailed Century Wise History of Islam

Islamic history events of 6th century

6th Century (500-599) C.E.

545: Birth of Abdullah, the Holy Prophet's father.

571: Birth of the Holy Prophet. Year of the Elephant. Invasion of Makkah by Abraha the Viceroy of Yemen, his retreat.

577: The Holy Prophet visits Madina with his mother. Death of his mother.

580: Death of Abdul Muttalib, the grandfather of the Holy Prophet.

583: The Holy Prophet's journey to Syria in the company of his uncle Abu Talib. His meeting with the monk Bahira at Bisra who foretells of his prophethood.

586: The Holy Prophet participates in the war of Fijar.

591: The Holy Prophet becomes an active member of "Hilful Fudul", a league for the relief of the distressed.

594: The Holy Prophet becomes the Manager of the business of Lady Khadija, and leads her trade caravan to Syria and back.

595: The Holy Prophet marries Hadrat Khadija. Seventh century

Islamic history events of 7th century

7th Century (600-699) C.E.

605: The Holy Prophet arbitrates in a dispute among the Quraish about the placing of the Black Stone in the Kaaba.

610: The first revelation in the cave at Mt. Hira. The Holy Prophet is commissioned as the Messenger of God.

613: Declaration at Mt. Sara inviting the general public to Islam.

614: Invitation to the Hashimites to accept Islam.

615: Persecution of the Muslims by the Quraish. A party of Muslims leaves for Abyssinia.

616: Second Hijrah to Abysinnia.

617: Social boycott of the Hashimites and the Holy Prophet by the Quraish. The Hashimites are shut up in a glen outside Makkah.

619: Lifting of the boycott. Deaths of Abu Talib and Hadrat Khadija. Year of sorrow.

620: Journey to Taif. Ascension to the heavens.

621: First pledge at Aqaba.

622: Second pledge at Aqaba. The Holy Prophet and the Muslims migrate to Yathrib.

623: Nakhla expedition.

624: Battle of Badr. Expulsion of the Bani Qainuqa Jews from Madina.

625: Battle of Uhud. Massacre of 70 Muslims at Bir Mauna. Expulsion of Banu Nadir Jews from Madina. Second expedition of Badr.

626: Expedition of Banu Mustaliq.

627: Battle of the Trench. Expulsion of Banu Quraiza Jews.

628: Truce of Hudaibiya. Expedition to Khyber. The Holy Prophet addresses letters to various heads of states.

629: The Holy Prophet performs the pilgrimage at Makkah. Expedition to Muta (Romans).

630: Conquest of Makkah. Battles of Hunsin, Auras, and Taif.

631: Expedition to Tabuk. Year of Deputations.

632: Farewell pilgrimage at Makkah.

632: Death of the Holy Prophet. Election of Hadrat Abu Bakr as the Caliph. Usamah leads expedition toSyria. Battles of Zu Qissa and Abraq. Battles of Buzakha, Zafar and Naqra. Campaigns against Bani Tamim and Musailima, the Liar.

633: Campaigns in Bahrain, Oman, Mahrah Yemen, and Hadramaut. Raids in Iraq. Battles of Kazima, Mazar, Walaja, Ulleis, Hirah, Anbar, Ein at tamr, Daumatul Jandal and Firaz.

634: Battles of Basra, Damascus and Ajnadin. Death of Hadrat Abu Bakr. Hadrat Umar Farooq becomes the Caliph. Battles of Namaraq and Saqatia.

635: Battle of Bridge. Battle of Buwaib. Conquest of Damascus. Battle of Fahl.

636: Battle of Yermuk. Battle of Qadsiyia. Conquest of Madain.

637: Conquest of Syria. Fall of Jerusalem. Battle of Jalula.

638: Conquest of Jazirah.

639: Conquest of Khuizistan. Advance into Egypt.

640: Capture of the post of Caesaria in Syria. Conquest of Shustar and Jande Sabur in Persia. Battle ofBabylon in Egypt.

641: Battle of Nihawand. Conquest Of Alexandria in Egypt.

642: Battle of Rayy in Persia. Conquest of Egypt. Foundation of Fustat.

643: Conquest of Azarbaijan and Tabaristan (Russia).

644: Conquest of Fars, Kerman, Sistan, Mekran and Kharan.Martyrdom of Hadrat Umar. Hadrat Othman becomes the Caliph.

645: Campaigns in Fats.

646: Campaigns in Khurasan, Armeain and Asia Minor.

647: Campaigns in North Africa. Conquest of the island of Cypress.

648: Campaigns against the Byzantines.

651: Naval battle of the Masts against the Byzantines.

652: Discontentment and disaffection against the rule of Hadrat Othman.

656: Martyrdom of Hadrat Othman. Hadrat Ali becomes the Caliph. Battle of the Camel.

657: Hadrat Ali shifts the capital from Madina to Kufa. Battle of Siffin. Arbitration proceedings at Daumaut ul Jandal.

658: Battle of Nahrawan.

659: Conquest of Egypt by Mu'awiyah.

660: Hadrat Ali recaptures Hijaz and Yemen from Mu'awiyah. Mu'awiyah declares himself as the Caliph atDamascus.

661: Martyrdom of Hadrat Ali. Accession of Hadrat Hasan and his abdication. Mu'awiyah becomes the sole Caliph.

662: Khawarij revolts.

666: Raid of Sicily.

670: Advance in North Africa. Uqba b Nafe founds the town of Qairowan in Tunisia. Conquest of Kabul.

672: Capture of the island of Rhodes. Campaigns in Khurasan.

674: The Muslims cross the Oxus. Bukhara becomes a vassal state.

677: Occupation of Sarnarkand and Tirmiz. Siege of Constantinople.

680: Death of Muawiyah. Accession of Yazid. Tragedy of Kerbala and martyrdom of Hadrat Hussain.

682: In North Africa Uqba b Nafe marches to the Atlantic, is ambushed and killed at Biskra. The Muslims evacuate Qairowan and withdraw to Burqa.

683: Death of Yazid. Accession of Mu'awiyah II.

684: Abdullah b Zubair declares himself aS the Caliph at'Makkah. Marwan I becomes the Caliph' atDamascus. Battle of Marj Rahat.

685: Death of Marwan I. Abdul Malik becomes the Caliph at Damascus. Battle of Ain ul Wada.

686: Mukhtar declares himself as the Caliph at Kufa.

687: Battle of Kufa between the forces of Mukhtar and Abdullah b Zubair. Mukhtar killed.

691: Battle of Deir ul Jaliq. Kufa falls to Abdul Malik.

692: The fall of Makkah. Death of Abdullah b Zubair. Abdul Malik becomes the sole Caliph.

695: Khawarij revolts in Jazira and Ahwaz. Battle of the Karun. Campaigns against Kahina in North Africa. The' Muslims once again withdraw to Barqa. The Muslims advance in Transoxiana and occupy Kish.

Islamic history events of 8th century

8th Century (700-799) C.E.

700: Campaigns against the Berbers in North Africa.

702: Ashath's rebellion in Iraq, battle of Deir ul Jamira.

705: Death of Abdul Malik. Accession of Walid I as Caliph.

711: Conquest of Spain, Sind and Transoxiana.

712: The Muslims advance in Spain, Sind and Transoxiana.

713: Conquest of Multan.

715: Death of Walid I. Accession of Sulaiman.

716: Invasion of Constantinople.

717: Death of Sulaiman. Accession of Umar b Abdul Aziz.

720: Death of Umar b Abdul Aziz. Accession of Yazid II.

724: Death of Yazid II. Accession of Hisham.

725: The Muslims occupy Nimes in France.

732: The battle of Tours in France.

737: The Muslims meet reverse at Avignon in France.

740: Shia revolt under Zaid b Ali. Berber revolt in North Africa. Battle of the Nobles.

741: Battle of Bagdoura in North Africa.

742: The Muslim rule restored in Qiarowan.

743: Death of Hisham. Accession of Walid II. Shia revolt in Khurasan under Yahya b Zaid.

744: Deposition of Walid I1. Accession of Yazid II1 and his death. Accession of Ibrahim and his overthrow. Battle of Ain al Jurr. Accession of Marwan II.

745: Kufa and Mosul occupied by the Khawarjites.

746: Battle of Rupar Thutha, Kufa and Mosul occupied by Marwan II.

747: Revolt of Abu Muslim in Khurasan.

748: Battle of Rayy.

749: Battles of lsfahan and Nihawand. Capture of Kufa by the Abbasids. As Saffah becomes the Abbasid Caliph at Kufa.

750: Battle of Zab. Fall of Damascus. End of the Umayyads.

751: Conquest of Wasit by the Abbasid. Murder of the Minister Abu Salama.

754: Death of As Saffah. Accession of Mansur as the Caliph.

755: Revolt of Abdullah b Ali. Murder of Abu Muslim. Sunbadh revolt in Khurasan.

756: Abdul Rahman founds the Umayyad state in Spain.

762: Shia revolt under Muhammad (Nafs uz Zakia) and Ibrahim.

763: Foundation of Baghdad. Defeat of the Abbasids in Spain.

767: Khariji state set up by Ibn Madrar at Sijilmasa. Ustad Sees revolt in Khurasan.

772: Battle of Janbi in North Africa. Rustamid. state set up in Morocco.

775: Death or the Abbasid Caliph Mansur, Accession of Mahdi,

777: Battle of Saragossa in Spain.

785: Death of the Caliph Mahdi. Accession of Hadi.

786: Death of Hadi. Accession of Harun ur Rashid.

788: Idrisid state set up in the Maghrib. Death of Abdul Rahman of Spain, and accession of Hisham.

792: Invasion of South France.

796: Death of Hisham in Spain; accession of al Hakam.

799: Suppression of the revolt of the Khazars. Ninth century.

Islamic history events of 9th century

9th Century (800-899) C.E.

800: The Aghlabid rule is established in North Africa.

803: Downfall of the Barmakids. Execution of Jafar Barmki.

805: Campaigns against the Byzantines. Capture of the islands of Rhodes and Cypress.

809: Death of Harun ur Rashid. Accession of Amin.

814: Civil war between Amin and Mamun. Amin killed and Mamun becomes the Caliph.

815: Shia revolt under Ibn Tuba Tabs.

816: Shia revolt in Makkah; Harsama quells the revolt. In Spain the Umayyads capture the island ofCorsica.

817: Harsama killed.

818: The Umayyads of Spain capture the islands of Izira, Majorica, and Sardinia.

819: Mamun comes to Baghdad.

820: Tahir establishes the rule of the Tahirids in Khurasan.

822: Death of AI Hakam in Spain; accession of Abdul Rahman. II.

823: Death of Tahir in Khurasan. Accession of Talha and his deposition. Accession of Abdullah b Tahir.

827: Mamun declares the Mutazila creed as the state religion.

833: Death of Mamun. Accession of Mutasim.

836: Mutasim shifts the capital to Samarra. 837 Revolt of the Jats.

838: Revolt of Babek in Azarbaijan suppressed.

839: Revolt of Maziar in Tabaristan. The Muslims occupy South Italy. Capture of the city of Messina inSicily.

842: Death of Mutasim, accession of Wasiq.

843: Revolts of the Arabs.

847: Death of Wasiq, accession of Mutawakkil.

850: Mutawakkil restores orthodoxy.

849: Death of the Tahirid ruler Abdullah b Tahir; accession of Tahir II.

852: Death of Abdur Rahman II of Spain;. accession of Muhammad I.

856: Umar b Abdul Aziz founds the Habbarid rule in Sind.

858: Mutawakkil founds the town of Jafariya.

860: Ahmad founds the Samanid rule in Transoxiana.

861: Murder of the Abbasid Caliph Mutawakkil; accession of Muntasir.

862: Muntasir poisoned to death; accession of Mutasin.

864: Zaidi state established in Tabaristan by Hasan b Zaid.

866: Mutasim flies from Samarra, his depostion and accession of Mutaaz.

867: Yaqub b Layth founds the Saffarid rule in Sistan.

868: Ahmad b Tulun founds the Tulunid rule in Egypt.

869: The Abbasid Caliph Mutaaz forced to abdicate, his death and accession of Muhtadi.

870: Turks revolt against Muhtadi, his death and accession of Mutamid.

873: Tahirid rule extinguished.

874: Zanj revolt in South Iraq. Death of the Samanid ruler Ahmad, accession of Nasr.

877: Death of Yaqubb Layth in Sistan, accession of Amr b Layth.

885: Death of Ahmad b Tulun in Egypt, accession of Khamar- wiyiah.

866: Death of Muhammad I the Umayyad ruler of Spain, accession of Munzir. Death of Abdullah b Umar the Habbari ruler of Sind.

888: Death of Munzir the Umayyad ruler of Spain, accession of Abbullah.

891: The Qarmatian state established at Bahrain.

892: Death of the Samanid ruler Nasr, accession of Ismail.

894: The Rustamids become the vassals of Spain.

896: Death of the Tulunid ruler Khamarwiyiah; accession of Abul Asakir Jaish.

897: Assassination of Abul Asakir Jaish; accession of Abu Musa Harun.

898: Qarmatians sack Basra,

Islamic history events of 10th century

10th Century (900-999) C.E.

902: Death of the Abbasid Caliph Muktafi; death of the Saffarid ruler Amr.

903: Assassination of the Qarmatian ruler Abu Said; accession of Abu Tahir.

905: Abdullah b Hamdan founds the Hamdanid rule in Mosul and Jazira. End of the Tulunid rule in Egypt.

907: Death of the Abbasid Caliph Muktafi; accession of Muqtadir,

908: End of the Saffarid rule, annexation of their territories by the Samanids.

909: Ubaidullah overthrows the Aghlablds and founds the Fatimid rule in North Africa.

912: Death of the Umayyad Amir Abdullah in Spain, accession of Abdur Rahman III.

913: Assassination of the Samanid ruler Ahmad II, accession of Nasr II.

928: Mardawij b Ziyar founds the Ziyarid rule in Tabaristan.

929: Qarmatians sack Makkah and carry away the Black Stone from the Holy Kaaba. In Spain, Abdur Rahman III declares himself as the Caliph.

931: Deposition and restoration of the Abbasid Caliph Muqtadir. Death of the Qarmatian ruler Abu Tahir; accession of Abu Mansur.

932: Death of the Abbasid Caliph Muqtadir; accession of Al Qahir.

934: Deposition of the Abbasid Caliph AI Qahir; accession of Ar Radi. Death of the Fatimid Caliph Ubaidullah ; accession of Al Qaim.

935: Assassination of the Ziyarid ruler Mardawij; accession of Washimgir. Death of Hamdanid ruler Abdullah b Hamdan accession of Nasir ud Daula.

936: By coup Ibn Raiq becomes the Amir ul Umara.

938: By another coup power at Baghdad is captured by Bajkam.

940: Death of the Abbasid Caliph Ar Radi, accession of Muttaqi.

941: Assassination of Bajkam, capture of power by Kurtakin.

942: Ibn Raiq recaptures power.

943: Al Baeidi captures power. The Abbasid Caliph Muttaqi is forced to seek refuge with the Hamdanids. Sail ud Daula captures power at Baghdad and the Caliph returns to' Baghdad. Power is captured by Tuzun and Sail ud Daula retires' to Mosul. Death of the Samanid ruler Nasr II, accession of Nuh.

944: Muttaqi is blinded and deposed, accession of Mustakafi.

945: Death of Tuzun. Shirzad becomes Amir ul Umra. The Buwayhids capture power. Deposition of the Abbasid Caliph Mustakafi.

946: The Qarnaatiana restore the Black Stone to the Holy Kaaba.

954: Death of the Sasanid ruler Nuh, accession of Abdul Malik.

961: Death of the Samanid ruler Abdul Malik, accession of Manauf. Alptgin founds the rule of the Ghazanavids. Death of the Umayyad Caliph Abdul Rahman III in Spain; accession of Hakam. Death of the Ikhshid ruler Ungur accession of Abul Hasan Ali.

965: Death of the Qarmatian ruler Abu Mansur; accession of Hasan Azam. Assassination of the Ikhshid ruler Abul Hasan Ali; power captured by Malik Kafur.

967: Death of the Buwayhid Sultan Muiz ud Daula, accession of Bakhtiar. Death of the Hamdanid ruler Sail ud Daula.

968: Byzantines occupy Aleppo. Death of the Ikhshid ruler Malik Kafur; accession of Abul Fawaris.

969: The Fatimids conquer Egypt.

972: Buluggin b Ziri founds the rule of the Zirids Algeria.

973: Shia Sunni disturbances in Baghdad; power captured in Baghdad by the Turkish General Subuktgin.

974: Abdication of the Abbasid Caliph AI Muttih; accession of At Taii.

975: Death of the Turk General Subuktgin. Death of the Fatimid Caliph Al Muizz.

976: The Buwayhid Sultan Izz ud Daula recaptures power with the help of his cousin Azud ud Daula. Death of the Samanid ruler Mansur, accession of Nuh II. In Spain death of the Umayyad Caliph Hakam, accession of Hisham II.

978: Death of the Buwayhid Sultan Izz ud Daula, power captured by Azud ud Daula. The Hamdanids overthrown by the Buwayhids.

979: Subkutgin becomes the Amir of Ghazni.

981: End of the Qarmatian rule at Bahrain.

982: Death of the- Buwayhid Sultan Azud ud Daula; accession of Samsara ud Daula.

984: Death of the Zirid ruler Buluggin, accession of Mansur.

986: The Buwyhid Sultan Samsara ud Daula overthrown by Sharaf ud Daula.

989: Death of the Buwayhid Sultan Sharaf ud Daula, accession of Baha ud Daula.

991: Deposition of the Abbasid Caliph At Taii, accession of AI Qadir.

996: Death of the Zirid ruler Mansur, accession of Nasir ud Daula Badis.

997: Death of the Samanid ruler Nuh II, accession of Mansur II.

998: Death of the Samanid ruler Mansur II, accession of Abdul Malik II. Mahmud becomes the Amir of Ghazni. 999 End of the Samanids.

Islamic history events of 11th century

11th Century (1000-1099) C.E.

1001: Mahmud Ghazanavi defeats the Hindu Shahis.

1004: Mahmud captures Bhatiya.

1005: Mahmud captures Multan and Ghur.

1008: Mahmud defeats the Rajput confederacy.

1010: Abdication of Hisham II in Spain. accession of Muhammad.

1011: In Spain Muhammad is overthrown by Sulaiman.

1012: In Spain power is captured by Bani Hamud. Death of the Buwayhid Baha ud Daula, accession of Sultan ud Daula.

1016: Death of the Zirrid ruler Nasir ud Daula Badis; accession of AI Muizz.

1018: In Spain power is captured by Abdul Rahman IV.

1019: Conquest of the Punjab by Mahmud Ghazanavi.

1020: The Buwayhid Sultan ud Daula is Overthrown by Musharaf ud Daula, Death of the Fatimid Caliph AI Hakim, accession of Al Zahir.

1024: In Spain assassination of Abdul Rahman IV, accession of Mustafi.

1025: Death of the Buwayhid Mushgraf ud Daula, accession of Jalal ud Daula.

1029: In Spain death of Mustaft, accession of Hisham III.

1030: Death of Mahmud Ghazanavi.

1031: In Spain deposition of Hisharn III, and end of the Umayyad rule. Death of the Abbasid Caliph Al Qadir, accession of Al Qaim.

1036: Death of the Fatimid Caliph AI Zahir, accession of Mustansir. Tughril Beg is crowned as the king of the Seljuks.

1040: Battle of Dandanqan, the Seljuks defeat the Ghazanavids. Deposition of Masud the Ghazanavid Sultan, accession of Muhammad. AI Moravids come to power in North Africa.

1041: The Ghazanavid Sultan Muhammad is overthrown by Maudud.

1044: Death of the Buwayhid Jalal ud Daula, accession of Abu Kalijar.

1046: Basasiri captures power in Baghdad.

1047: The Zirids in North Africa repudiate allegiance to the Fatimid and transfer allegiance to-the Abbasids.

1048: Death of the Buwayhid Abu Kalijar, accession of Malik ur Rahim.

1050: Yusuf b Tashfin comes to power .in the Maghrib.

1055: Tughril Beg overthrows the Buwayhids.

1057: Basasiri recaptures power in Baghdad, deposes Al Qaim and offers allegiance to the Fatimid Caliph.

1059: Tughril Beg recaptures power in Baghdad, al Qaim is restored as the Caliph.

1060: Ibrahim becomes the Sultan of Ghazni. Yusuf b Tashfin founds the city of Marrakesh. The Zirids abandon their capital Ashir and establish their capital at Bougie.

1062: Death of the Zirid ruler AI Muizz, accession of Tamin.

1063: Death of the Seljuk Sultan Tughril Beg; accession of Alp Arsalan.

1071: Battle of Manzikert, the Byzantine emperor taken captive by the Seljuks.

1073: Death of Alp Arsalan, accession of Malik Shah.

1077: Death of the Abbasid Caliph AI Qaim, accession of AI Muqtadi.

1082: The A1 Moravids conquer Algeria.

1086: Battle of Zallakha. The AI Moravids defeat the Christians in Spain. Death of the Rum Sejuk Sultan Sulaiman, accession of Kilij Arsalan.

1091: The Normans conquer the island of Sicily; end of the Muslim rule.

1092: Death of the Seljuk Sultan Malik Shah, accession of Mahmud.

1094: Death of Mahmud; accession of Barkiaruk. Death of the Abbasid Caliph AI Muqtadi, accession of Mustahzir.

1095: The first crusade.

1099: The crusaders capture Jerusalem.

Islamic history events of 12th century

12th Century (1100-1199) C.E.

1101: Death or the Fatimid Caliph Al Mustaali, accession of Al Aamir.

1105: Death of the Seljuk Sultan Barkiaruk, accession Of Muhammad.

1106: Death of the AI Motavid Yusuf b Tashfin.

1107: Death of the Rum Seljuk Sultan Kilij Arsalan, succession of Malik Shah.

1108: Death of the Zirid ruler Tamin, accession of Yahya.

1116: Death of the Rum Seljuk Sultan Malik Shah. accession of Rukn ud Din Masud.

1118: Death of the Seljuk Sultan Muhammad; accession of Mahmud II. Death of the Abbasid Caliph Mustahzir, accession of Mustarshid. In Spain the Christians capture Saragossa.

1121: Death of the Fatimid Caliph AI Aamir, accession of AI Hafiz.

1127: Imad ud Din Zangi establishes the Zangi rule In Mosul.

1128: Death of the Khawarzam Shah Qutb ud Din Muhammad; accession of Atsiz.

1130: Death of the Seljuk Sultan Mahmud II; accession of Tughril Beg II.

1134: Assassination of the Abbasid Caliph Mustarshid; accession of Al Rashid. Death of the Seljuk Sultan Tughril Beg II, accession of Masud.

1135: Deposition of the Abbasid Caliph AI Rashid, accession of AI Muktafi.

1144: Imad ud Din Zangi captures Edessa from the Christians, second crusade.

1146: Death of Imad ud Din Zangi, accession of Nur ud Din Zangi.

1147: In the Maghrib AI Moravids overthrown by the Al Mohads under Abul Mumin.

1148: End of the Zirid rule' in North Africa.

1149: Death of the Fatimid Caliph AI Hafiz, accession of AI Zafar.

1152: Death of the Seljuk Sultan Masud, accession of Malik Shah II. Hamadid rule extinguished in North Africa.

1153: Death of the Seljuk Sultan Malik Shah I1, accession of Muhammad II.

1154: Death of the Fatimid Caliph AI Zafar, accession of AI Faiz.

1156: Death of the Rum Seljuk Sultan Rukn ud Din Masid, accession of Arsalan II.

1159: Death of the Seljuk Sultan Muhammad II, accession of Gulaiman.

1160: Death of the Abbasid Caliph AI Mukta, accession of Al Mustanjid. Death of the Fatimid Caliph Al Faiz, accession of Al Azzid.

1161: Death of the Seljuk Sulaiman, accession of Arsalan Shah.

1163: Death of the AI Mohad ruler Abul Mumin, accession of Abu Yaqub Yusuf.

1170: Death of the Abbasid Caliph Mustanjid, accession of Al Mustazii.

1171: Death of the Fatimid Caliph AI Azzid. End of the Fatimids. Salah ud Din founds the Ayyubid dynasty in Egypt.

1172: Death of the Khawarzam Shah Arsalan, accession of Sultan Shah.

1173: The Khawarzam Shah Sultan Shah is overthrown by Tukush Shah.

1174: Salah ud Din annexes Syria.

1175: The Ghurids defeat the Guzz Turks and occupy Ghazni.

1176: Death of the Seljuk Sultan Arsalan Shah, accession of Tughril Beg III.

1179: Death of the Abbasid Caliph AI Mustazaii, accession of AI Nasir. Shahab ud Din Ghuri capturesPeshawar.

1185: Death of the AI Mohad ruler Abu Yaqub Yusuf, accession of Abu Yusuf Yaqub.

1186: The Ghurids overthrow the Ghaznvaids in the Punjab.

1187: Salah ud Din wrests Jerusalem from the Christians, third crusade.

1191: Battle of Tarain between the Rajputs and the Ghurids.

1193: Death of Salah ud Din; accession of Al Aziz. Second battleof Tarain.

1194: Occupation of Delhi by the Muslims. End of the Seljuk rule.

1199: Death of the Khawarzam Shah Tukush Shah; accession of Ala ud Din. Death of the AI Mohad ruler Abu Yusuf Yaqub; accession of Muhammad Nasir. Conquest of Northern India and Bengal by the Ghurids.

Islamic history events of 13th century

13th Century (1200-1299) C.E.

1202: Death of the Ghurid Sultan Ghias ud Din; accession of Mahmud.

1204: Shahab ud Din Ghuri defeated by the Ghuzz Turks.

1206: Death of Shahab ud Din Ghuri. Qutb ud Din Aibik crowned king in Lahore.

1210: Assassination of the Ghurid Sultan MahmUd, accession of Sam. Death of Qutb ud Din Aibak, accession of Aram Shah in India.

1211: End of the Ghurid rule, their territories annexed by the Khawarzam Shahs. In India Aram Shah overthrown by Iltutmish.

1212: Battle of AI Uqab in Spain, end of the AI Mohad rule in Spain. The AI Mohads suffer defeat by the Christians in Spain at the Al-Uqba. The AI Mohad Sultan An Nasir escapes to Morocco where he dies soon after. Accession of his son Yusuf who takes over title of AI Mustansir.

1214: In North Africa death of the AI Mohad ruler Al Nasir, accession of Al Mustansir. The Banu Marin under their leader Abdul Haq occupy the north eastern part of Morocco.

1216: The Banu Marin under their leader Abdul Haq occupy north eastern part of Morocco. The AI Mohads suffer defeat by the Marinids at the battle of Nakur. The Banu Marin defeat the AI Mobads at the battle of Nakur.

1217: The Marinids suffer defeat in the battle fought on the banks of the Sibu river. Abdul Haq is killed and the Marinids evacuate Morocco. In the battle of Sibu the Marinids suffer defeat; their leader Abdul Haq is killed and they evacuate Morocco.

1218: Death of the Ayyubid ruler AI Adil, accession of AI Kamil. The Marinids return to Morocco under their leader Othman and occupy Fez.

1220: Death of the Khawarzam Shah Ala ud Din, accession of Jalal ud Din Mangbarni.

1222: Death of the Zangi ruler Nasir ud Din Mahmud, power captured by Badr ud Din Lulu.

1223: Death of the Al Mohad ruler Muntasir, accession of Abdul Wahid. Death of Yusuf AI Mustansir, accession of Abdul Wahid in Morocco.. In Spain a brother of Yusuf declares his independence and assumes the title of AI Adil. In Spain Abu Muhammad overthrows AI Adil. AI Adil escapes to Moroccoand overthrows Abdul Wahid.

1224: Death of the AI Mohad ruler Abdul Wahid, accession of Abdullah Adil.

1225: Death of the Abbasid Caliph AI Nasir, accession of AI Mustansir.

1227: Death of the AI Mohad ruler Abdullah Adil, accession of Mustasim. Assassination of Al Adil, accession of his son Yahya who assumes the throne under the name of Al Mustasim.

1229: Death of the AI Mohad ruler Mustasim, accession of Idris. The Ayyubid AI Kamil restores Jerusalemto the Christians. Abu Muhammad dies in Spain and is succeeded by Al Mamun. AI Mamun invadesMorocco with Christian help. Yahya is defeated and power is captured by Al Mamun. He denies the Mahdiship of Ibn Tumarat.

1230: End of the Khawarzam Shah rule.

1232: Death of the AI Mohad ruler Idris, accession, of Abdul Wahid II. Assassination of Al Mamun; accession of his son Ar-Rashid.

1234: Death of the Ayyubid ruler AI Kamil, accession of AI Adil.

1236: Death of Delhi Sultan Iltutmish. Accession of Rukn ud Din Feroz Shah.

1237: Accession of Razia Sultana as Delhi Sultan.

1240: Death of Ar-Rashid; accession of his son Abu Said.

1241: Death of Razia Sultana, accession of Bahram Shah.

1242: Death of Bahram Shah, accession of Ala ud Din Masud Shah as Delhi Sultan. Death of the AI Mohad rules Abdul Wahid, accession of Abu Hasan. Death of the Abbasid Caliph Mustansir, accession of Mustasim.

1243: Death of the AI Mohad ruler Abdul Walid II, accession of

1244: The Al Mohads defeat the Marinids at the battle of Abu Bayash. The Marinids evacuate Morocco.

1245: The Muslims reconquer Jerusalem.

1246: Death of the Delhi Sultan Ala ud Din Masud Shah, accession of Nasir ud Din Mahmud Shah.

1248: Death of the AI Mohad ruler Abul Hasan, accession of Omar Murtaza. Abu Said attacks Tlemsen, but is ambushed and killed; accession of his son Murtada.

1250: The Marinids return to Morocco, and occupy a greatar part thereof.

1258: The Mongols sack Baghdad. Death of the Abbasid Caliph Mustasim. End of the Abbasid rule. Fall ofBaghdad, end of the Abbasid caliphate. The Mongol II-Khans under Halaku establish their rule in Iran andIraq with the capital at Maragah. Berek Khan the Muslim chief of the Golden Horde protests against the treatment meted out to the Abbasid Caliph and withdraw his Contingent from Baghdad.

1259: Abu Abdullah the Hafsid ruler declares himself as the Caliph and assumes the name of AI Mustamir.

1260: Battle of Ayn Jalut in Syria. The Mongols are defeated by the Mamluks of Egypt, and the spell of the invincibility of the Mongols is broken. Baybars becomes the Mamluk Sultan.

1262: Death of Bahauddin Zikriya in Multan who is credited with the introduction of the Suhrawardi Sufi order in the IndoPakistan sub-continent.

1265: Death of Halaku. Death of Fariduddin Ganj Shakkar the Chishti saint of the Indo-Pakistan sub-continent.

1266: Death of Berek Khan the first ruler of the Golden Horde to be converted to Islam. The eighth crusade. The crusaders invade Tunisia. Failure of the crusade.

1267: Malik ul Salih establishes the first Muslim state of Samudra Pasai in Indonesia. Murtada seeks the help of the Christians, and the Spaniards invade Morocco. The Marinids drive away the Spaniards fromMorocco. Assassination of Murtada; accession of Abu Dabbas.

1269: Abu Dabbas is overthrown by the Marinida, End of the Al Mohads. End of the rule of the AI Mohads in Morocco, the Marinids come to power in Morocco under Abu Yaqub.

1270: Death of Mansa Wali the founder of the Muslim rule in M ali.

1272: Death of Muhammad I the founder of the state of Granada. Yaghmurason invades Morocco but meets a reverse at the battle

1273: Death of Jalaluddin Rumi.

1274: Death of Nasiruddin Tusi. The Marinids wrest Sijilmasa from the Zayenids. Ninth crusade under Edward I of England. The crusade ends in fiasco and Edward returns to England.

1277: Death of Baybars.

1280: Battle of Hims.

1283: Death of Yaghmurasan. Accession of his son Othman.

1285: Tunisis splits in Tunis and Bougie.

1286: Death of Ghiasuddin Balban. Death of Abu Yusuf Yaqub. Bughra Khan declares his independence inBengal under the name of Nasiruddin.

1290: End of the slave dynasty Jalaluddin Khilji comes into power. Othman embarks on a career of conquest and by 1290 C.E. most of the Central Maghreb is conquered by the Zayanids.

1291: Saadi.

1296: Alauddin Ghazan converted to Islam.

1299: Mongols invade Syria. The Marinids besiege Tlemsen the capital of the Zayanids.

Islamic history events of 14th century

14th Century (1300-1399) C.E.

1301: In Bengal, Death of Ruknuddin the king of Bengal, succeeded by brother Shamsuddin Firuz.

1302: In Granada, Death of Muhammad II; succession of Muhammad III.

1304: In the Mongols II Khans empire, Death of Ghazan, succession of his brother Khudabanda Ul Jaytu. In Algeria, Death of Othman, succession of his son Abu Zayan Muhammad.

1305: In the Khiljis empire, Alauddin Khilji conquers Rajputana.

1306: In the Chughills empire, Death of Dava, succession of his son Kunjuk.

1307: In the Marinids empire, Assassination of the Marinid Sultan Abu Yaqub Yusuf; accession of Abu Thabit

1308: In the Chughills empire, Deposition of Kunjuk, power captured by Taliku. In Algeria, Death of Abu Zayan Muhammad, succession of his brother Abu Hamuw Musa. In the Marinids empire, Abu Thabit overthrown by Abu Rabeah Sulaiman.

1309: In the Chughills empire, Assassination of Taliku, accession of Kubak. In Granada, Muhammad III overthrown by his uncle Abul Juyush Nasr.

1310: In the Chughills empire, Kubak overthrown by his brother Isan Buga. In the Marinids empire, Abu Rabeah Sulaiman overthrown by Abu Said Othman. In the Khiljis empire, Alauddin conquers Deccan.

1312: In Tunisia, In Tunis Abul Baqa is overthrown by Al Lihiani.

1313: In the Mongols II Khans empire, Invasion of Syria, the Mongols repulsed. In the Golden Horde empire, Death of Toktu, accession of his nephew Uzbeg.

1314: In Kashmir, Rainchan an adventurer from Baltistan overthrows Sinha Deva the Raja of Kashmir. Rainchan is converted to Islam and adopts the name of Sadrud Din. In Granada, Abul Juyush overthrown by his nephew Abul Wahid Ismail.

1315: In Tunisia, War between Bougie and Tunis, Lihani defeated and killed. Abu Bakr becomes the ruler of Bougie and Tunis.

1316: In the Mongols II Khans empire, Death of Khudabanda Ul Jaytu, succession of Abu Said. In the Khiljis empire, Death of Alauddin, accession of Shahabuddin Umar, usurpation of power by Malik Kafur, a Hindu convert.

1318: In the Khiljis empire, Assassination of Malik Kafur, deposition of Shahabuddin Umar, accession of Qutbuddin Mubarak. In the Chughills empire, Isan Buga overthrown by Kubak.

1320: In the Khiljis empire, Assassination of Qutbuddin Mubarak, usurpation of power by Khusro Khan a Hindu convert. Khusro Khan overthrown by Ghazi Malik. End of the rule of Khiljis. In Tunisia, Abu Bakr expelled from Tunis by Abu Imran. In the Tughluqs empire, Ghazi Malik founds the rule of the Tughluq dynasty.

1321: In the Chughills empire, Death of Kubak, succession of Hebbishsi who is overthrown by Dava Temur.

1322: In the Chughills empire, Dava Temur overthrown by Tarmashirin, who is converted to Islam. InBengal, Death of Shamsuddin Firuz. The kingdom divided into two parts. Ghiasuddin Bahadur became the ruler of East Bengal with the capital at Sonargaon, Shahabuddin became the ruler of West Bengal with the capital at Lakhnauti.

1324: In Bengal, Shahabuddin dies and is succeeded by his brother Nasiruddin.

1325: In the Tughluqs empire, Death of Ghazi Malik (Ghiasuddin Tughluq); accession of his son Muhammad Tughluq. In Granada, Assassination of Abul Wahid Ismail, succession of his son Muhammad IV. Assassination of Muhammad IV. Accession of his brother Abul Hallaj Yusuf. In the Samudra Pasai empire, Death of Malik al Tahir I, accession of Malik al Tahir II. In Bengal, With the help of Ghiasuddin Tughluq, Nasiruddin over-throws. Ghiasuddin Bahadur and himself become's the ruler of United Bengal.

1326: In the Ottoman Turks empire, Death of Othman, succession of Orkhan. Orkhan conquers Bursa and makes it his capital.

1327: In the Ottoman Turks empire, The Turks capture the city of Nicaea.

1329: In the Tughluqs empire, Muhammad Tughluq shifts the capital from Delhi to Daulatabad in Deccan.

1330: In the Chughills empire, Death of Tramashirin, succession of Changshahi. Amir Hussain establishes the rule of the Jalayar dynasty at Baghdad. In Tunisia, Abu Bakr overthrows Abu Imran and the state is again united, under him. In Bengal, Muhammad b Tughluq reverses the policy of his father and restores Ghiasuddin Bahadur to the throne of Sonargeon.

1331: In the Marinids empire, Death of Abu Said Othman, sucession of Abul Hasan. In Bengal, Annexation of Bengal by the Tughluqs.

1335: In the Mongols II Khans empire, Death of Abu Said, power captured by Arpa Koun. In the Chughills empire, Assassination of Changshahi, accession of Burun.

1336: In the Mongols II Khans empire, Arpa defeated and killed, succeeded by Musa. Birth of Amir Temur. In the Jalayar empire, Death of Amir Hussain, succession of Hasan Buzurg. In the Ottoman Turks empire, The Turks annex the state of Karasi. In Bengal, The Tughluq Governor at Sonargeon assassinated by armour bearer who captured power and declared his independence assuming the name of Fakhruddin Mubarak Shah.

1337: In the Mongols II Khans empire, The rule of Musa overthrown, Muhammad becomes the Sultan. In the Sarbadaran empire, On the disintegration of the II-Khan rule, Abdur Razaq a military adventurer establishes an independent principality in Khurasan with the capital at Sabzwar. In the Muzaffarids empire, On the disintegration of the II Khan rule Mubarazud Din Muhammad established the rule of the Muzaffarid dynasty. In the Ottoman Turks empire, The Turks capture the city of Nicomedia. In Algeria, Algeria is occupied by Marinids.

1338: In the Mongols II Khans empire, Muhammad overthrown, succession of Sati Beg. Sati Beg marries Sulaiman who becomes the co-ruler.

1339: In Kashmir, Death of Sadrud Din, throne captured by a Hindu Udyana Deva. In the Chughills empire, Deposition of Burun, accession of Isun Temur. In Bengal, The Tughluq Governor at Lakhnauti-Qadr Khan assassinated and power is captured by the army commander-in-chief who declares his independence and assumes the title of Alauddin Ali Shah.

1340: In the Muzaffarids empire, The Muzaffarids conquer Kirman. In the Chughills empire, Deposition of Isun Temur, accession of Muhammad.

1341: In the Golden Horde empire, Death of Uzbeg, succession of his son Tini Beg.

1342: In the Golden Horde empire, Tini Beg overthrown by his brother Jani Beg.

1343: In the Chughills empire, Muhammad overthrown, power captured by Kazan. In Bengal, Ilyas an officer of Alauddin murders his patron and captures the throne of West Bengal.

1344: In the Mongols II Khans empire, Deposition of Sulaiman, succession of Anusherwan.

1345: In the Samudra Pasai empire, Death of Malik al Tahir II, accession of Tahir III. His rule lasted throughout the fourteenth century. In Bengal, llyas captures East Bengal and under him Bengal is again united. He establishes his capital at Gaur.

1346: In the Chughills empire, Deposition of Kazan, accession of Hayan Kuli. In Tunisia, Death of Abu Bakr, succession of his son Fadal. In Kashmir, Death of Udyana Deva, throne captured by Shah Mirza who assumed the name of Shah Mir, and rounded the rule of Shah Mir dynasty.

1347: The Marinids capture Tunisia. In the Bahmanids empire, Hasan Gangu declares his independence and establishes a state in Deccan with the capital at Gulbarga.

1349: In Kashmir, Death of Shah Mir, accession of his son Jamsbed. In Algeria, The Zayanids under Abu Said Othman recapture Algeria.

1350: In the Sarbadaran empire, Revolt against Abdur Razaq. Power captured by Amir Masud. In Tunisia, Deposition of Fadal, succession of his brother Abu Ishaq. In Kashmir, Jamshed overthrown by his step brother Alauddin Ali Sher.

1351: In the Marinids empire, Death of Abul Hasan, succession of Abu Inan. In the Tughluqs empire, Death of Muhammad Tughluq accession of Firuz Shah Tughluq.

1352: In Algeria, The Marinids again capture Algeria. Abu Said Othman is taken captive and killed.

1353: End of the Mongol II Khan rule. In the Ottoman Turks empire, The Turks acquire the fortress of Tympa on the European side of the Hollespoint. In the Muzaffarids empire, The Muzaffarids conquer Shirazand establish their capital there.

1354: In the Muzaffarids empire, The Muzaffarids annex Isfahan. In Granada, Assassination of Abu Hallaj Yusuf, succession of his son Muhammad V.

1356: In the Jalayar empire, Death of Hasan Buzurg, succession of his son Owaia.

1357: In the Golden Horde empire, Death of Jani Beg, succession of Kulpa.

1358: In the Bahmanids empire, Death of Hasan Gangu, accession of his son Muhammad Shah. In the Muzaffarids empire, Death of Mubarazuddin Muhammad; accession of Shah Shuja. In the Marinids empire, Assassination of Abu Inan, succession of Abu Bakr Said. In Bengal, Death of Ilyas, succession of his son Sikandar Shah.

1359: In the Ottoman Turks empire, Death of Orkhan, succession of Murad. In the Muzaffarids empire, Shah Shuja deposed by his brother Shah Mahmud. In Tunisia, Abul Abbas a nephew of Abu Ishaq revolts and establishes his rule in Bougie. In Algeria, The Zayanids under Abu Hamuw II recapture Algeria. In the Marinids empire, Abu Bakr Said overthrown by Abu Salim Ibrahim. In Granada, Muhammad V loses the throne in palace revolution, succeeded by Ismail.

1360: In the Muzaffarids empire, Death of Shah Mahmud. Shah Shuja recaptures power. In the Chughills empire, Power captured by Tughluq Temur. In Granada, Ismail overthrown by his brother-in-law Abu Said.

1361: In the Ottoman Turks empire, Murad conquers a part of Thrace and establishes his capital at Demolika in Thrace. In the Golden Horde empire, Kulpa overthrown by his brother Nauroz. In the Marinids empire, Abu Salim Ibrahim overthrown by Abu Umar. Abu Umar overthrown by Abu Zayyan.

1362: In the Golden Horde empire, State of anarchy. During 20 years as many as 14 rulers came to the throne and made their exit. In Granada, Abu Said overthrown by Muhammad V who comes to rule for the second time. In Kashmir, Death of Alauddin Ali Sher, succeeded by his brother Shahabuddin.

1365: In the Ottoman Turks empire, The Turks defeat the Christians at the battle of Matiza, the Byzantine ruler becomes a vassal of the Turks.

1366: In the Marinids empire, Assassination of Abu Zayyan, succession of Abu Faris Abdul Aziz.

1369: Power captured by Amir Temur. End of the rule of the Chughills. Amir Temur captures power in Transoxiana. In Tunisia, Death of Abu Ishaq. Succession of his son Abu Baqa Khalid.

1370: In Tunisia, Abu Baqa overthrown by Abul Abbas under whom the state is reunited. In the Sarbadaran empire, Death of Amir Masud, succession of Muhammad Temur.

1371: In the Ottoman Turks empire, Invasion of Bulgaria, Bulgarian territory upto the Balkans annexed by the Turks.

1372: In the Marinids empire, Death of Abu Faris, succession of Abu Muhammad.

1374: In the Marinids empire, Abu Muhammad overthrown by Abul Abbas.

1375: In the Sarbadaran empire, Deposition of Muhammad Temur, power captured by Shamsuddin. In the Jalayar empire, Death of Owais, succession by his son Hussain.

1376: In Kashmir, Death of Shahabuddin, succeeded by his brother Qutbuddin.

1377: In the Bahmanids empire, Death of Muhammad Shah, succeeded by his son Mujahid.

1378: In the Bahmanids empire, Mujahid assassinated, throne captured by his uncle Daud.

1379: Turkomans of the Black Sheep empire, Bairam Khawaja found the independent principality of the Turkomans of the Black Sheep and established his capital at Van in Armenia. In the Bahmanids empire, Assassination of Daud; accession of Muhammad Khan.

1380: In the Golden Horde empire, Power is captured by Toktamish, a prince of the White Horde of Siberia. In Amir Temur's empire, Amir Temur crosses the Oxus and conquers Khurasan and Herat. Amir Temur invades Persia and subjugates the Muzaffarids and Mazandaran.

1381: In Amir Temur's empire, Annexation of Seestan, capture of Qandhar.

1384: In Amir Temur's empire, Conquest of Astrabad, Mazandaran, Rayy and Sultaniyah. In the Muzaffarids empire, Death of Shah Shuja, accession of his son Zainul Abdin. In the Marinids empire, Abul Abbas overthrown by Mustansir. Turkomans of the Black Sheep empire, Death of Bairam Khawaja, succession of Qara Muhammad.

1386: In Amir Temur's empire, Annexation of Azarbaijan, Georgea overrun. Subjugation of Gilan and Shirvan. Turkomans of the Black Sheep defeated. In the Marinids empire, Death of Mustansir, succession of Muhammad.

1387: In the Marinids empire, Muhammad overthrown by Abul Abbas who comes to power for the second time.

1388: In Algeria, Death of Abu Hamuw II, succession of Abu Tashfin. In the Tughluqs empire, Death of Firuz Shah Tughluq, succeeded by his grandson Ghiasuddin Tughluq II.

1389: of Abu Bakr Tughluq Shah. Turkomans of the Black Sheep empire, Death of Qara Muhammad. succession of Qara Yusuf.

1390: In the Tughluqs empire, Abu Bakr overthrow by Nasiruddin Tughluq. In Bengal, Death of Sikandar Shah, accession of his son Ghiasud. In the Burji Mamluks empire, The rule of the Burji Mamluks rounded by Saifuddin Barquq.

1391: In Amir Temur's empire, Annexation of Fars. In the Muzaffarids empire, Annexation of the Muzaffarids by Amir Temur. In Granada, Death of Muhammad V, succession of his son Abu Hallaj Yusuf II.

1392: In the Jalayar empire, Death of Hussain, succession of his son Ahmad. In Granada, Death of Abu Hallaj ; succession of Muhammad VI.

1393: Amir Temur defeats Tiktomish, the ruler of the Golden Horde. Capture of the Jalayar dominions by Amir Temur. In the Marinids empire, Death of Abul Abbas; succession of Abu Faris II.

1394: Amir Temur defeats the Duke of Moscow. In the Tughluqs empire, Death of Nasiruddin Tugluq, accession of Alauddin Sikandar Shah. In Kashmir, Death of Qutbuddin. Turkomans of the White Sheep empire, Qara Othman established the rule of the White Sheep Turkomans in Diyarbekr.

1395: In the Golden Horde empire, Amir Temur defeated Toktamish and razes Serai to the ground. End of the rule of the Golden Horde. Annexation of Iraq by Amir Temur. In the Tughluqs empire, Death of Sikandar Shah. Accession of Muhammad Shah.

1396: In the Amir Temur's empire, Destruction of Sarai, and of the rule of the Golden Horde. In the Sarbadaran empire, Principality annexed by Amir Temur.

1397: In the Bahmanids empire, Death of Muhammad Khan.

1398: In the Amir Temur's empire, Campaign in India. In the Marinids empire, Death of Abu Faris II. In the Tughluqs empire, Invasion of Amir Timur, Mahmud Shah escapes from the capital. In Morocco, Death of the Marinid Sultan Abu Faris II; succession of his son Abu Said Othman.

1399: In the Amir Temur's empire, Campaign in Iraq and Syria. In the Burji Mamluks empire, Death of Saifuddin Barquq, succession of his son Nasiruddin in Faraj.

Islamic history events of 15th century

15th Century (1400-1499) C.E.

1400: In the Burji Mamluks empire, The Mamluks lost Syria which was occupied by Amir Timur.

1401: In the Golden Horde empire, Death of Timur Qutluq, the ruler, installed by Amir Timur. accession of Shadi Beg.

1402: In the Ottoman Turks empire, Defeat of Bayazid at the battle of Ankara, taken captive Amir Timur.

1403: In the Ottoman Turks empire, Muhammad I, the son of Bayazid ascended the throne.

1405: In the Timurids empire, Death of Amir Timur, succession of his son Shah Rukh.

1407: In the Golden Horde empire, Deposition of Shadi Beg, installation of Faulad Khan by the king maker Edigu.

1410: In the Golden Horde empire, Deposition of Faulad Khan, installation of Timur.

1412: In the Golden Horde empire, Deposition of Timur, installation of Jalaluddin. In the Burji Mamluks empire, Death of Nasiruddin Faraj, succession of Al Muayyad.

1413: In the Golden Horde empire, Deposition of Jalaluddin, installation of Karim Bardo.

1414: In the Golden Horde empire, Deposition of Karim Bardo, installation of Kubak Khan.

1416: In the Golden Horde empire, Deposition of Kubak Khan, installation of Jahar Balrawi. Deposition of Jahar Balrawi, installation of Chaighray.

1419: In the Golden Horde empire, Death of Edigu, overthrow of Chaighray, power captured by Ulugh Muhammad.

1420: Turkomans of the Black Sheep empire, Death of Qara Yusuf; succession of his son Qara Iskandar. In Morocco, Assassination of Abu Said Othman; succession of his infant son Abdul Haq.

1421: In the Ottoman Turks empire, Death of Muhammad I; accession of his son Murad II. In the Burji Mamluks empire, Death of Al Muayyad, succession of Muzaffar Ahmad. Muzaffar Ahmad overthrown by Amir Saifuddin Tata, Death of Saifuddin Tata, succession of his son Muhammad. Muhammad overthrown by Amir Barsbay.

1424: In the Golden Horde empire, Death of Daulat Bairawi, succession of Berk. In Algeria, The Halsida of Tunisia occupy Algeria. This state of affairs continued throughout the fifteenth century.

1425: In the Uzbegs empire, Abul Khayr, a prince of the house of Uzbeg declare his independence in the western part of Siberia,

1427: In the Golden Horde empire, Berk overthrown by Ulugh Muhammad who captured power for the second time.

1430: In the Uzbegs empire, Abul Khayr occupies Khawarazm.

1434: Turkomans of the Black Sheep empire, Deposition of Qara Iskandar; installation of his brother Jahan Shah. Turkomans of the White Sheep empire, Death of Qara Othman, succession of his son Ali Beg. InTunisia, Death of Abul Faris after a rule of forty years, succession of his son Abu Abdullah Muhammad.

1435: In Tunisia, Deposition of Abu Abdullah Muhammad, power captured by Abu Umar Othman.

1438: In the Burji Mamluks empire, Death of Barsbay, accession of his minor son Jamaluddin Yusuf; Yusuf overthrown and power captured by the Chief Minister Saifuddin Gakmuk. Turkomans of the White Sheep empire, Ali Beg overthrown by his brother Hamza.

1439: In the Golden Horde empire, Ulugh Muhammad withdrew from Sarai and found the principality of Qazan. Said Ahmad came to power in Sarai.

1440: Turkomans of the White Sheep empire, Hamza overthrown by Jahangir a son of Ali Beg.

1441: In the Golden Horde empire, Crimea seceded from Sarai.

1446: In the Timurids empire, Death of Shah Rukh, succession of Ulugh Beg. In the Ottoman Turks empire, Second battle of Kossova resulting in the victory of the Turks. Serbia annexed to Turkey and Bosniabecame its vassal.

1447: In the Golden Horde empire, Astra Khan seceded from Sarai.

1449: In the Uzbegs empire, Abul Khayr captures Farghana. In the Timurids empire, Death of Ulugh Beg, succession of Abdul Latif.

1450: In the Timurids empire, Assassination of Abdul Latif, accession of Abu Said.

1451: In the Ottoman Turks empire, Death of Murad II; accession of his son Muhammad II.

1453: In the Ottoman Turks empire, Capture of Constantinople by the Turks. Turkomans of the White Sheep empire, Death of Jahangir; accession of his son Uzun Hasan. In the Burji Mamluks empire, Death of Gakmuk. succession of his son Fakhruddin Othman. Othman overthrown by the Mamluk General Saifuddin Inal.

1454: In the Ottoman Turks empire, Attack against Wallachia, Wallachia became a vassal state of Turkey.

1456: In the Ottoman Turks empire, Annexation of Serbia.

1461: In the Ottoman Turks empire, Annexation of Bosnia and Herzogovina. In the Burji Mamluks empire, Death of Saifuddin Inal, succession of his son Shahabuddin Ahmad. Shahabuddin Ahmad overthrown by the Mamluk General Saifuddin Khushqadam.

1462: In the Ottoman Turks empire, Annexation of Albania.

1465: In the Golden Horde empire, Death of Said Ahmad, succession of his son Khan Ahmad. InMorocco, Assassination of Abdul Haq. End of the Marinid rule. Power snatched by Sharif Muhammad al Jati.

1467: Turkomans of the Black Sheep empire, Death of Jahan Shah, end of the rule of the Black Sheep Turkoman rule. Turkomans of the White Sheep empire, Jahan Shah of the Black Sheep attacked the White Sheep. Jahan Shah was defeated and the Black Sheep territories annexed by the White Sheep. In the Burji Mamluks empire, Death of Khushqadam, accession of his son Saifuddin Yel Bey. Deposition of Yel Bey, power captured by the Mamluk General Temur Bugha.

1468: In the Uzbegs empire, Death of Abul Khayr, succession of his son Haidar Sultan. Turkomans of the White Sheep empire, Uzun Hasan defeated the Timurids at the battle of Qarabagh whereby the White Sheep became the masters of Persia and Khurasan. In the Burji Mamluks empire, Deposition of Femur Bugha, power captured by the Mamluk General Qait Bay.

1469: In the Timurids empire, Death of Abu Said, disintegration of the Timurid state. In Khurasan Hussain Baygara came to power and he ruled during the remaining years of the fifteenth century.

1472: In Morocco, Sharif Muhammad al Jati overthrown by the Wattisid chief Muhammad al Shaikh who establishes the rule of the Wattisid dynasty.

1473: In the Ottoman Turks empire, War against Persia; Persians defeated.

1475: In the Ottoman Turks empire, Annexation of Crimea. War against Venice. Tukey became the master of the Aegean Sea.

1478: Turkomans of the White Sheep empire, Death of Uzun Hasan, succession of his son Khalil.

1479: Turkomans of the White Sheep empire, Khalil overthrown by his uncle Yaqub.

1480: In the Golden Horde empire, Assassination of Khan Ahmad, succession of his son Said Ahmad II.

1481: In the Golden Horde empire, Said Ahmad I1 overthrown by his brother Murtada. In the Ottoman Turks empire, Death of Muhammad II, accession of Bayazid II.

1488: In the Uzbegs empire, Death of Haider Sultan, succession of his nephew Shaybani Khan. In Tunisia, Death of Abu Umar Othman after a rule of 52 years, succession of Abu Zikriya Yahya.

1489: In Tunisia, Abu Zikriya Yahya overthrown by Abul Mumin.

1490: In Tunisia, Abul Mumin overthrown, power recaptured by Abu Yahya.

1493: Turkomans of the White Sheep empire, Death of Yaqub. accession of his son Bayangir.

1495: Turkomans of the White Sheep empire, Bayangir overthown by his cousin Rustam.

1496: In the Burji Mamluks empire, Abdication of Qait Bay, succession of his son Nasir Muhammad.

1497: Turkomans of the White Sheep empire, Rustam overthrown by Ahmad. Anarchy and fragmentation.

1498: In the Burji Mamluks empire, Deposition of Nasir Muhammad, power captured by Zahir Kanauh.

1499: In the Uzbegs empire, Shayhani Khan conquered Transoxiana. In the Golden Horde empire, Death of Murtada, succession of Said Ahmad III." In the Ottoman Turks empire, The Turks defeated the Venetian fleet in the battle of Lepanto.

Islamic history events of 16th century

16th Century (1500-1599) C.E.

1500: In the Burji Mamluks empire, Zahir Kanauh overthrown by Ashraf Gan Balat.

1501: Isamil I establishes the Safavid dynasty in Persia, and the Twelve-Imam Shi'ism becomes the state religion.

1507: The Portuguese under d'Albuquerque establish strongholds in the Persian Gulf.

1508: Turkomans of the White Sheep empire, End of the White Sheep dynasty and the annexation of their territories by the Safawids.

1511: D'Albuquerque conquers Malacca from the Muslims.

1517: The Ottoman Sultan Selim Yavuz ("the Grim") defeats the Mamluks and conquers Egypt.

1520: The reign of Sulayman the Magnificent begins.

1526: Louis of Hungary dies at the Battle of Mohacs.

1526: The Battle of Panipat in India, and the Moghul conquest; Babur makes his capital at Delhi and Agra.

1528: The Ottomans take Buda in Hungary.

1529: Unsuccessful Ottoman siege of Vienna.

1550: The architect Sinan builds the Suleymaniye mosque in Istanbul.

1550: The rise of the Muslim kingdom of Atjeh in Sumatra.

1550: Islam spreads to Java, the Moluccas, and Borneo.

1556: The death of Sulayman the Magnificent.

1568: Alpujarra uprising of the Moriscos (Muslims forcibly converted to Catholicism) in Spain.

1571: The Ottomans are defeated at the naval Battle of Lepanto, and their dominance in the Mediterraneanis brought to a close.

1578: The Battle of the Three Kings at Qasr al-Kabir in Morocco. King Sebastian of Portugal is killed.

1588: Reign of Safavid Sultan Shah Abbas I begins.

1591: Mustaili Ismailis split into Sulaymanis and Daudis.

Islamic history events of 17th century

17th Century (1600-1699) C.E.

1600: Sind annexed by the Mughals. End of the Arghun rule in Sind.

1601: Khandesh annexed by the Mughals.

1603: Battle of Urmiyah. Turks suffer defeat. Persia occupies Tabriz, Mesopotamia. Mosul and Diyarbekr. Death of Muhammad III, Sultan of Turkey, accession of Ahmad I. In Morocco al Shaikh died.

1604: In Indonesia death of Alauddin Rayat Shah, Sultan of Acheh, accession of Ali Rayat Shah III.

1605: Death of the Mughal emperor Akbar; accession of Jahangir.

1607: Annexation of Ahmadnagar by the Mughals.

1609: Annexation of Bidar by the Mughals

1611: Kuch Behar subjugated by the Mughals.

1612: Kamrup annexed by the Mughals.

1617: Death of Ahmad I, Sultan of Turkey, accession of Mustafa; Deposition of Mustafa: accession of Othman II.

1618: Tipperah annexed by the Mughals.

1620: In Turkey deposition of Mustafa, accession of Othman II.

1623: In Turkey Mustafa recaptured power.

1625: In Turkey deposition of Mustafa, accession of Murad IV.

1627: Death of the Mughal emperor Jahangir, accession of Shah Jahan.

1628: Reign of Safavid Sultan Shah Abbas I comes to an end.

1629: In Persia death of Shah Abbas; accession of grandson Safi.

1631: Death of Mumtaz Mahal, wife of Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan and the lady of Taj Mahal, Agra.

1637: Death of Iskandar Muda in Indonesia; accession of Iskandar II.

1640: Death of Otthman Sultan Murad IV. accession of his brother Ibrahim.

1641: Turks capture Azov. In Indonesia death of Iskandar II; accession of the Queen Tajul Alam.

1642: In Persia death of Shah Safi, accession of Shah Abbas II.

1648: In Turkey Ibrahim deposed; accession of Muhammad IV.

1656: Muhammad Kuiprilli becomes the Grand Minister in Turkey.

1658: Deposition of the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan, accession of Aurangzeb.

1661: Death of Muhammad Kuiprilli, accession of his son Ahmad Kuiprilli.

1667: Death of Shah Abbas II; accession of Shah Sulaiman.

1675: Execution of the Sikh Guru Tegh Bahadur. In Indonesia death of the queen Tajul Alam, accession of the queen Nur ul Alam.

1676: Death of the Grand Wazir of Turkey Ahmad Kuiprilli, succession by Kara Mustafa.

1678: In Indonesia death of the queen Nur ul Alam, accession of the queen Inayat Zakia.

1680: Death of Marhatta chieftain Shivaji.

1682: Assam annexed by the Mughals. Aurangzeb shifts the capital to Aurangabad in the Deccan.

1683: The Turks lift the siege of Vienna and retreat. Kara Mustafa the Grand Wazir executed for the failure of the expedition.

1686: Annexation of Bijapur by the Mughals.

1687: Golkunda annexed by the Mughals. Second battle of Mohads. Defeat of the Turks by Austria. Deposition of Muhammad IV. Accession of Sulaiman II.

1688: In Indonesia death of queen Inayat Zakia, accession of the queen Kamalah.

1690: Death of the Ottoman Sultan Sulaiman II, accession of Ahmad II.

1692: Death of the Turk Sultan Ahmad II, accession of Mustafa II.

1694: In Persia death of Shah Safi, accession of Shah Hussain.

1699: In Indonesia death of Queen Kamalah.

Islamic history events of 18th century

18th Century (1700-1799) C.E.

1700: Murshid Quli Khan declares the independence of Bengal and establishes his capital at Murshidabad.

1703: Ahmad 11I becomes the Ottoman Sultan. Birth of Shah Wali Ullah. Birth of the religious reformer Muhammad b Abdul Wahab.

1707: Death of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb, accession of his son Bahadur Shah.

1711: War between Turkey and Russia. Russia defeated at the battle of Pruth.

1712: Death of the Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah, accession of Jahandar Shah.

1713: Jahandar Shah overthrown by his nephew Farrukh Siyar.

1718: In the war against Austria, Turkey suffers defeat. By the treaty of Passarowich Turkey loses Hungary.

1719: Deposition of the Mughal emperor Farrukh Siyar Muhammad Shah ascends the throne. In Sind the Kalhoras came to power under Nur Muhammad Kalhora.

1722: Saadat Khan found the independent state of Oudh. Battle of Gulnabad between the Afghans and the Persians. The Persians were defeated and the Afghans under Shah Mahmud became the masters of a greater part of Persia. Shah Hussain taken captive, accession of Shah Tahmasp II.

1730: Zanzibar freed from Portugese rule and occupied by Oreart.

1747: Ahmad Shah Durrani established Afghan rule in Afghanistan.

1752: Death of Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai, writer of Sassi Pannu, Sohni Mahinwal and Umer Marvo.

1752: Ahmed Shah Durrani captured Punjab, Kashmir and Sind.

1761: Death of Shah Waliullah Dehlavi.

1761: Battle of Panipat. Ahmad Shah Durrani came to India at the invitation of Shah Waliullah Dehlavi and smashed rising Maratha power in the battle of Panipat.

1764: Conversion to Islam of Areadi Gaya. ruler of Futa Bandu State in West Sudan.

1773: Death of Ahmad Shah Durrani.

1783: End of Kalhora rule in Sind.

1797: Death of Muhammad Khan Qachar, king of Persia.

1797: Russia occupied Daghestan.

1799: Ranjit Singh declared himself Maharajah of Punjab defeating Afghans.

1799: Khoqand declared independent Islamic State.

Islamic history events of 19th century

19th Century (1800-1899) C.E.

1803: Shah Abdul Aziz ibn Saud assassinated by a Shia fanatic. Shah Shuja proclaimed as King of Afghanistan.

1805: Ibn Saud captured Madinah defeating the Turk garrison.

1804: Othman Dan Fodio established Islamic State of Sokoto in Central Sudan.

1805: Faraizi movement launched in Bengal. Muhammad Ali appointed Pasha of Egypt by the Turks.

1806: Khanate of Khiva came into limelight under the rule of Muhammad Rahim Khan.

1807: Darqawi sect revolted against Turkish domination. Tunisia repudiated suzerainty of Algeria.

1811: Birth of Ali Muhammad Bab founder of Bab movement.

1811: British occupied Indonesia.

1812: Madina fell to Egyptians.

1813: Makkah and Taif captured by Egyptian forces and Saudis expelled from Hijaz.

1814: Iran executed treaty of alliance with the British known as Definitive Treaty.

1814: Death of Ibn Saud II.

1814: King Othman of Tunisia assassinated by his cousin Mahmud.

1816: British withdrew from Indonesia restoring it to the Dutch.

1822: Death of Maulay Ismail in Morocco.

1827: Malaya became a preserve of the British according to Anglo- Netherland treaty in 1824.

1828: Russia declared war against Turkey.

1829: Treaty of Adrianople.

1830: French forces landed near Algiers and occupied Algeria ending 313 years rule of Turks.

1831: Syed Ahmad Barelvi and Shah Ismail leaders of Jihad movement in India fell fighting the Sikhs in Balakot.

1832: Turks defeated in the battle of Konia by Egyptian forces.

1832: Sayyid Said, King of Oman, shifted his capital to Zanzibar.

1834: Abdul Qadir recognised as ruler of the area under his control by the French.

1839: Defeat of Turkey by the Egyptians in the battle of Nisibin.

1840: Quadruple Alliance by the European powers to force Egypt to relinquish Syria.

1840: British frees occupied Aden.

1841: State of Adamawa established by Adams adjacent to Nigeria.

1842: Amir Abdul Qadir, ousted from Algeria by the French. crossed over to Morocco.

1842: Shah Shuja assassinated ending the Durrani rule in Afghanistan.

1847: Amir Abdul Qadir surrendred to France under the condition of safe conduct to a Muslim country of his choice but France violated its pledge and sent him as a captive to France.

1849: Death of Muhammad Ali pasha.

1850: Ali Muhammad Bab arrested and executed by Iranian government. Qurratul Ain Tabira, a renowned poetess and staunch advocate of Babism also shot dead.

1852: Release of Amir Abdul Qadir by Napolean III. He settled in Turkey.

1855: Khiva annexed by Russia.

1857: British captured Delhi and eliminated Mughal rule in India after 332 years. Last Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar was exiled to Rangoon in Burma. This was also the end of 1000 years of Muslim rule over India.

1859: Imam Shamil laid down arms before Russian forces and the Islamic State of Daghestan became a Russian province.

1860: Maulay Muhammad defeated by Spain.

1861: Death of Sultan Abdul-Majid of Turkey.

1862: Faraizi movement fizzled out after the death of Dadu Miyan..

1865: Khoqand State liquidated by Russia.

1869: Jamaluddin Afghani exiled from Afghanistan. He proceeded to Egypt.

1871: Tunisia recognised suzerainty of Turkey through a Firman.

1876: Britain purchased shares of Khediv Ismail in the Suez canal and got involved in Egyptian affairs.

1878: Turkey handed over Cyprus to Britain.

1878: Adrianople fell to Russia.

1879: Jamaluddin Afghani exiled from Egypt.

1879: Treaty of Berlin. Turkey lost 4/5 th of its territory in Europe.

1881: France invaded Tunisia and the Bey acknowledged supremacy of France as a result of the treaty of Bardo.

1881: Muhammad Ahmad declared himself Mahdi in northern Sudan.

1882: Egypt came under British military occupation.

1883: Death of Amir Abdul Qadir in Damascus.

1885: Muhammad Ahmad declared free Government of Sudan under his rule.

1885: Death of Mahdi Sudani five months after the occupation of Khartum.

1890: End of Banbara State.

1895: Afghanistan got Wakhan corridor by an understanding with Russia and British India making Afghan touch China.

1895: Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadian claimed prophethood.

1897: State of Bagirimi occupied by the French,

1899: Fall of Mahdi State occupied by the British and the Egyptians jointly

Islamic history events of 20th century

20th Century (1900-1992) C.E.

1901: Ibn Saud (Abd al-Aziz) captures Riyad.

1901: French forces occupy Morocco.

1904: Morocco becomes a French protectorate under the Conference of Algeciras.

1904: The Presian constitution is promoted.

1905: The beginning of the Salafiyyah movement in Paris with it's main sphere of influence in Egypt.

1907: The beginning of the Young Turks movement in Turkey.

1912: The beginning of the Muhammadiyyah reform movement in Indonesia.

1914: Under Ottoman rule, secret Arab nationalist societies are formed.

1914: World War I.

1916: Arab revolt against Ottoman (Turkish) rule. Lawrence of Arabia leads attacks on the Hijaz Railway.

1918: Armistice signed with Ottomans on October 30.

1918: World War I ends on November 11.

1918: Syria and Damascus become a French protectorate.

1921: Abd Allah bin Husayn in made King of Transjordan. His father was the Sharif of Mecca.

1921: Faysal bin Husayn is made King of Iraq. His father was the Sharif of Mecca.

1921: Abd al-Karim leads a revolt against colonial rule in Moroccan Rif, and declares the "Republic of theRif".

1922: Mustafa Kemal abolishes the Turkish Sultanate.

1924: The Turkish Caliphate is abolished.

1924: King Abd al-Aziz conquers Mecca and Medina, which leads to the unification of the Kingdoms of Najd and Hijaz.

1925: Reza Khan seizes the government in Persia and establishes the Pahlavi dynasty.

1926: Abd al-Aziz (Ibn Saud) assumes title of King of Najd and Hijaz.

1927: Death of Zaghlul, an Egyptian nationalist leader.

1928: Turkey is declared a secular state.

1928: Hasan al-Banna founds the Muslim Brotherhood.

1932: Iraq granted independence by League of Nations.

1934: War between King Abd al-Aziz and Imam Yahya of the Yemen.

1934: Peace treaty of Ta'if.Saudi Arabia.

1935: Iran becomes the official name of Persia.

1936: Increased Jewish immigration provokes widespread Arab-Jewish fighting in Palestine.

1939: World War II.

1941: British and Russian forces invade Iran and Reza Shah is forced to abdicate in favor of his son Mohammad Reza Shah in Iran.

1943: Beginning of Zionist terrorist campaign in Palestine.

1945: End of World War II.

1946: Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria are granted independence from Britain and France.

1947: Creation of Pakistan from Muslim Majority area in India.

1948: Creation of state of Israel. Arab armies suffer defeat in war with Israel.

1949: Hasan al-Banna, leader of the Muslim Brotherhood, is assassinated.

1951: Libya becomes independent.

1952: King Faruq of Egypt forced to abdicate.

1953: General Zahedi leads coup against Musaddeq, Shah returns to power.

1953: Death of King Abd al-Aziz (Ibn Saud) of Saudi Arabia.

1953: The foundation stone is laid to enlarge the Prophet's mosque in Medina.

1956: Morocco becomes independent.

1956: Tunisia becomes independent.

1957: The Bey of Tunisia is deposed, and Bourguiba becomes becomes president.

1957: Enlargement of the Haram in Mecca begins.

1962: Algeria becomes independent.

1962: Death of Zaydi Imam of Yemen (Ahmad). Crown Prince Bahr succeds him and takes the title Imam Mansur Bi-Llah Muhammad.

1965: Malcom X is assassinated.

1968: The enlargement of the Haram in Mecca is completed.

1969: King Idris of Libya is ousted by a coup led by Colonel Qadhdhafi.

1973: King Zahir Shah of Afghanistan is overthrown.

1975: Death of Elijah Mohammad, leader of Nation of Islam among African Americans in North America.

1975: Wallace Warith Deen Mohammad assumes leadership of Nation of Islam and shifts movement toward Islamic Orthodoxy renaming it American Muslim Mission.

1978: Imam Musa Sadr is apparently assassinated after he disappears on a trip to Libya. He was the religious leader of the Lebanese Twelve-Imam Shi'ites. He promoted the resurgence of Shi'ites in Lebanonand set the foundation of Amal.

1979: The Shah leaves Iran on January 15, thus bringing the Pahlavi dynasty to an end.

1979: On 1 Muharram AH 1400/21 November, the first day of the 15th Islamic century, fanatics led by students of the Theological University of Medina attempt to promote one of their group as Mahdi and thus fulfill a certain prophetic Hadith: "A man of the people of Medina will go forth, fleeing to Mecca, and certain of the people of Mecca will come to him and will lead him forth against his will and swear fealty to him between the rukn (Black Stone corner of the Kabah) and the Maqam Ibrahim." They hold the Haram of Mecca against the army for two weeks. Sixty-three of the 300 fanatics are captured alive, the mosque is recovered, and the conspirators are all put to death.

1980: Beginning of the Iran-Iraq war.

1989: Iran-Iraq comes to an end with much loss of life.

1990: Military annexation of Kuwait by Iraq, under Ba'athist leader Saddam Hussain, is reversed in 1991 by a coalition of United States-led forces.

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